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diff --git a/slackbook/html/file-commands-output.html b/slackbook/html/file-commands-output.html deleted file mode 100644 index e2419b27..00000000 --- a/slackbook/html/file-commands-output.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,147 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" - "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> -<head> -<meta name="generator" content="HTML Tidy, see www.w3.org" /> -<title>Simple Output: cat and echo</title> -<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7" /> -<link rel="HOME" title="Slackware Linux Essentials" href="index.html" /> -<link rel="UP" title="Handling Files and Directories" href="file-commands.html" /> -<link rel="PREVIOUS" title="Pagers: more, less, and most" -href="file-commands-pagers.html" /> -<link rel="NEXT" title="Creation: touch and mkdir" href="file-commands-creation.html" /> -<link rel="STYLESHEET" type="text/css" href="docbook.css" /> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> -</head> -<body class="SECT1" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" -alink="#0000FF"> -<div class="NAVHEADER"> -<table summary="Header navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" -cellspacing="0"> -<tr> -<th colspan="3" align="center">Slackware Linux Essentials</th> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td width="10%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="file-commands-pagers.html" -accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> -<td width="80%" align="center" valign="bottom">Chapter 10 Handling Files and -Directories</td> -<td width="10%" align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="file-commands-creation.html" -accesskey="N">Next</a></td> -</tr> -</table> - -<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> -</div> - -<div class="SECT1"> -<h1 class="SECT1"><a id="FILE-COMMANDS-OUTPUT" name="FILE-COMMANDS-OUTPUT">10.3 Simple -Output: <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> and <tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt></a></h1> - -<div class="SECT2"> -<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3559" name="AEN3559">10.3.1 <tt -class="COMMAND">cat</tt></a></h2> - -<p><tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt>(1) is short for “concatenate”. It was -originally designed to merge text files into one, but can be used for many other -purposes.</p> - -<p>To merge two or more files into one, you simply list the files after the <tt -class="COMMAND">cat</tt> command and then redirect the new output to a file. <tt -class="COMMAND">cat</tt> works with standard input and standard output, so you have to -use the shell redirection characters. For example:</p> - -<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> -<tr> -<td> -<pre class="SCREEN"> -<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd -class="USERINPUT">cat file1 file2 file3 > bigfile</kbd> -</pre> -</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>This command takes the contents of <tt class="FILENAME">file1</tt>, <tt -class="FILENAME">file2</tt>, and <tt class="FILENAME">file3</tt> and merges it all -together. The new output is sent to standard out.</p> - -<p>One can also use <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> to display files. Many people <tt -class="COMMAND">cat</tt> text files through the <tt class="COMMAND">more</tt> or <tt -class="COMMAND">less</tt> commands, like this:</p> - -<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> -<tr> -<td> -<pre class="SCREEN"> -<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cat file1 | more</kbd> -</pre> -</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>That will display the <tt class="FILENAME">file1</tt> file and pipe it through the <tt -class="COMMAND">more</tt> command so that you only get one screen at a time.</p> - -<p>Another common use for <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> is copying files. You can copy any -file around with <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt>, like this:</p> - -<table border="0" bgcolor="#E0E0E0" width="100%"> -<tr> -<td> -<pre class="SCREEN"> -<samp class="PROMPT">%</samp> <kbd class="USERINPUT">cat /bin/bash > ~/mybash</kbd> -</pre> -</td> -</tr> -</table> - -<p>The <tt class="COMMAND">/bin/bash</tt> program is copied to your home directory and -named <tt class="FILENAME">mybash</tt>.</p> - -<p><tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> has many uses and the ones discussed here are just a few. -Since <tt class="COMMAND">cat</tt> makes extensive use of standard input and standard -output, it is ideal for use in shell scripts or part of other complex commands.</p> -</div> - -<div class="SECT2"> -<h2 class="SECT2"><a id="AEN3603" name="AEN3603">10.3.2 <tt -class="COMMAND">echo</tt></a></h2> - -<p>The <tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt>(1) command displays the specified text on the -screen. You specify the string to display after the <tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt> -command. By default <tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt> will display the string and print a -newline character after it. You can pass the <var class="OPTION">-n</var> option to -suppress the printing of the newline. The <var class="OPTION">-e</var> option will cause -<tt class="COMMAND">echo</tt> to search for escape characters in the string and execute -them.</p> -</div> -</div> - -<div class="NAVFOOTER"> -<hr align="LEFT" width="100%" /> -<table summary="Footer navigation table" width="100%" border="0" cellpadding="0" -cellspacing="0"> -<tr> -<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top"><a href="file-commands-pagers.html" -accesskey="P">Prev</a></td> -<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="index.html" -accesskey="H">Home</a></td> -<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top"><a href="file-commands-creation.html" -accesskey="N">Next</a></td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td width="33%" align="left" valign="top">Pagers: <tt class="COMMAND">more</tt>, <tt -class="COMMAND">less</tt>, and <tt class="COMMAND">most</tt></td> -<td width="34%" align="center" valign="top"><a href="file-commands.html" -accesskey="U">Up</a></td> -<td width="33%" align="right" valign="top">Creation: <tt class="COMMAND">touch</tt> and -<tt class="COMMAND">mkdir</tt></td> -</tr> -</table> -</div> -</body> -</html> - |